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Timeline

This timeline has been compiled to assist you in three ways:

  1. It should help you to locate important sociological contributions within a historical context.
  2. It should identify some of the major works in sociology of which you should be aware.
  3. It should direct your attention to further reading on particular topics.

Rather than identify the births and deaths of particularly important sociologists, we have chosen instead to highlight works that represent significant contributions to sociological knowledge. The books chosen do not attempt to cover the whole of an individual's opus, but direct your attention to the specific works that we have found useful in our own exploration of sociology.

You will find in the timeline sociologists who do not appear in the main text, as well as those who do. This is because no one text can hope to encompass the vast richness of sociological writing or acknowledge every important advance in our understanding of society. So, the titles suggested are a flavour of what the great sociological writers can offer.

We have also identified important historical events in red so that you can begin to make sense of the history of our discipline and locate individuals within their epochs. Inevitably, the events chosen tend to be those that we ourselves have found useful as markers. You should add any other important events to the timeline to make this your own.

Premodernity
1730 Vico: The New Science
1734 Montesquieu: Consideration of the Causes of the Greatness of the Romans and their decline
c 1750 Industrial Revolution begins to take off
1755 Rousseau A Discourse upon the Origin and Foundation of Inequality among Mankind
1789 French Revolution
1792 Wollstonecraft: Vindication of the Rights of Women
1807 Hegel: The Phenomenology of Mind
1813 Saint-Simon:  Essay on the Science of Man
1822 Comte: Plan of the Scientific Operations Necessary for Reorganising Society
Modernity
1835 Quetelet:  On Man and the Development of Human faculties: an essay on Social Physics
c 1830s First railway boom in Great Britain
1850 Spencer: Social Statics
1853 Gobineau:Essay on the Inequality of Human Races
1857-8 Marx Grundisse: Foundations of the critique of political economy
1861 American Civil War
1869 Galton: Hereditary Genius
1871 Le Play: Organization of the Family
1883 Sumner: What Social Classes Owe to Each Other
1886 Statue of Liberty in New York Harbour
1887 Tonnies: Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft
1891 Simmel: On Social Differentiation
1893 Durkheim: On the Division of Labour in Society
1896 Giddings: Principles of Sociology
1899 Veblen: Theory of the Leisure Class
1901 First wireless message
1903 du Bois: The Souls of Black Folk
1904 Park: The Crowd and the Public
1906 Weber: The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism
1908 First Ford Model T automobile
1909 Cooley: Social Organization
1911 Taylor: Principles of Scientific Management
1912 Sinking of the Titanic
1913 Mead: The Social Self
1914 First World War begins
1915 Michels: Political Parties
1917 Bolshevik Revolution in Russia
1921 Burgess: The Science of Sociology
1922 Radcliffe-Brown: The Andaman Islanders
1925 Mannheim: The Problem of a Sociology of Knowledge
1928 Sorokin: Contemporary Sociological Theories
1929 Wall Street Crash
1931 Husserl: Ideas
1932 Malinowski: The Sexual Life of Savages in North-Western Melanesia
1934 Benedict: Patterns of Culture
1936 Wirth: Ideology and Uptopia
1937 Parsons: Structure of Social Action
1939 Elias: The Civilising Process
1945 Second World War ends
1947 Rashevsky: The Mathematical Theory of Human Relations
1948 Partition of India and Pakistan
1949 Merton: Social Theory and Social Structure
1950 Homans: The Human Group
1951 Colour television introduced in the US
1953 Wittgenstein: Philosophical Investigations
1954 Coser: The Functions of Social Conflict
1956 Dahrendorf: Class and Class Conflict in Industrial Society
1957 Soviet Union launches first satellite
1959 Mills: The Sociological Imagination
1961 Lemert: Social Pathology
1962 Kuhn: Scientific Paradigms
1963 Becker: The Outsiders
1964 Blau: Exchange and Power in Social Life
1966 Cultural Revolution in China
1967 Schutz: The Phenomenology of the Social World
1968 Miliband: The State in Capitalist Society
1969 Goffman: The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life
1971 Gouldner:The Coming Crisis of Western Sociology
1973 Bell: The Coming of Post-Industrial Society
1974 Braverman: Labour and Monopoly Capital
1975 US leaves South Vietnam
1976 Bowles and Gintis: Schooling in Capitalist America
1977 Lacan Ecrits: a selection
1978 Derrida: Writing and Difference
1979 Foucault: Discipline and Punish Margaret Thatcher elected Conservative Prime Minister in Great Britain
Post-modernity/Late Modernityrnity
1980 Williams: Problems in Materialism and Culture
1981 Oakley: Subject Women
1982 Rorty: The Consequences of Pragmatism
1983 Smart Foucault: Marxism and Critique
1984 Bourdieu: Distinction
1985 Habermas: Modernity – an Incomplete Project
1986 Mann: The Sources of Social Power
1987 Stanworth: Reproductive technologies
World Stock market crash
1988 Baudrillard: Selected Writings
1989 Callinicos: Against Postmodernism
Fall of the Berlin Wall
1990 Giddens: The Consequences of Modernity
1991 Sreberny-Mahammadi: The Global and the Local in International Communications
1992 Bauman: Intimations of Postmodernity
1993 Ritzer: The McDonaldization of Society
1994 Segal: Straight Sex
Nelson Mandela becomes President of South Africa
1995 Rojek: Decentring Leisure
1996 Goldthorp: Class Analysis and the Reorientation of Class Theory
1997 Halsey: Education, Culture, Economy, Society
1998 Young: The Curriculum of the Future
1999 Castells: End of Millenium
2000 Scot: Class and Stratification
2001 Walklate: Gender, Crime and Criminal Justice
Attack on the Twin Towers, New York