Key Concepts in Information and Communication Technology
Paperback
£12.99
ISBN 1403943370
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Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is the synergy between computers and communication devices and forms an important part of the modern world. ICT features in more and more courses as its use expands beyond computing and information systems into other areas of study.Key Concepts in Information and Communication Technologyis a comprehensive glossary with entries arranged alphabetically. It is designed to provide an easy reference guide to the bewildering array of terms and concepts that students are likely to encounter as part of their course. Complex terminology is made clearer with numerous diagrams and illustrations. With over 500 key terms defined, the book represents a comprehensive must-have reference for students undertaking courses where a knowledge of ICT is required.
Introduction
How is this text arranged
What is Information and Communication Technology (ICT)?
A brief history of computing
The Internet
A note on storage size and speed
Case study: e-commerce and Amazon.com
Relevant websites
Index
Sample Definitions
DIGITAL
Any system that uses a series of discrete numbers for display or processing rather than a variable analogue form. Digital systems may use a binary system with just two digits, 1 and 0 or a hexadecimal system based on 16 discrete values, 0 to 9 and A to F.
A two-position light switch is a good example of a binary digital device. When the switch is off, no electricity reaches the light, which is illuminated to its maximum. It can be replaced by an analogue dimmer switch whereby the amount of illumination can be varied infinitely by rotation of the switch, i.e. by altering the current passed to the light.
INTERNET PROTOCOL (IP) ADDRESSES
Whilst human beings use words more than numbers in everyday conversations, computers operate on a numerical basis. Every computer that is connected to the Internet has its own unique numerical address. This IP (Internet Protocol) address consists of four sets of numbers separated by dots, e.g.: 376.951.447.89. The computer has an IP address assigned to it when it is logged onto the Internet. It may not always be the same number as the last few digits can be dynamically /server allocated. It is these IP numbers that the routing mechanism of the Internet uses as addresses.
WORM
Worms are parasitic computer programs that replicate but, unlike viruses, do not infect other computer program files. Worms can create copies on the same computer, or can send the copies to other computers via a network. Worms can spread via IRC (Internet Relay Chat), email or by establishing a direct connection to the target computer. Although they do not infect files, by replicating worms can rapidly use up memory and also network bandwith.
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