Learning outcomes

Chapter 5 Elimination

The purpose of this chapter is to explore the urinary and faecal elements of elim-ination, explaining the normal and abnormal processes and influences on it. At the end of the chapter, you should be able to:

• Explain the development of elimination that an individual experiences
  throughout the life span
• Identify specimens that may be collected and common abnormalities that may be found
• Understand the causes of constipation and diarrhoea, and the nursing care of clients experiencing these
• Outline the types of urinary and faecal incontinence and the possible treatments and interventions available
• Introduce the different types of stoma and the specific care that clients with them require.

The chapter provides an opportunity for you to undertake activities that will
assist you in your understanding of some aspects of client care. It also includes
case study scenarios to illustrate points made in the text.

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