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CHAPTER SIXTEEN: THE POLITICAL EXECUTIVE

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a. If you had to recommend either a presidential or a parliamentary executive for a new democracy, which would you choose and why?

b. How do governments emerge and fall in parliamentary systems? How democratic are these processes?

c. Is the semi-presidential executive a creative synthesis or a messy compromise?

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Hague & Harrop, 2007 edn, ch. 16.

M. Bevir and R. Rhodes, ‘Prime Ministers, Presidentialism and Westminster Smokescreens’, Political Studies 54 (2006) 671-90.

M. Duverger, 'A New Political System Model: Semi-presidential Government'

European Journal of Political Research 8 (1980) 165-87

R. Elgie, Political Leadership in Liberal Democracies

R. Elgie, ed., Semi-Presidentialism in Europe

C. Jones, The Presidency in a Separated System

A. Lijphart, ed., Parliamentary versus Presidential Government

J. Linz and A. Valenzuela, eds, The Failure of Presidential Democracy

J. Linz, 'The Perils of Presidentialism', Journal of Democracy 1 (1990) 51-69

S. Mainwaring and M. Shugart, 'Juan Linz, Presidentialism and Democracy: A

Critical Appraisal', Comparative Politics 29 (1997) 449-72

W. Müller and K. Strøm, eds, Coalition Governments in Western Europe

T. Poguntke and P. Webb, eds, The Presidentialization of Politics: A Comparative Study of Modern Democracies

R. Taras, ed., Postcommunist Presidents

P. Weller, H. Bakvis and R. Rhodes, eds, The Hollow Crown