Health care is increasingly a market sector, but the process of commercialization is widely contested. Rising international trade in health services, migration of health care personnel, local health care market liberalization and privatization, cash payment within the public sector, increasing involvement of multinational companies: all these aspects have been promoted by a dominant framework of thought in international health policy that favours commercialization wherever possible. Health care commercialization poses enormous challenges for health planners and activists who aim to ensure decent health care for all. This book is the first to bring together economists and health policy and public health experts from across the world to address the issue of integrating these different aspects of health care commercialization. Based on original research, the book analyzes the causes and consequences of global and local commercialization in health care, and argues for the necessity and possibility of effective policy responses to develop good quality, inclusive health systems worldwide. The book aims to contribute to a shift in the international 'common sense' in health policy towards a more humane, inclusive, egalitarian and ethical framework for policy formulation.
List of Figures and Tables
Foreword
Preface and Acknowledgements
Notes on Contributors
PART 1: COMMERCIALIZATION: NATURE, CAUSES AND EFFECTS
HEALTH SYSTEMS AND COMMERCIALIZATION
Health Systems and Commercialization: In Search of Good Sense; M.Mackintosh & M.Koivusalo
GLOBALIZATION IN HEALTH CARE: STRATEGIES OF MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS
Strategies of Multinational Health Care Companies in Europe and Asia; J.Lethbridge
Multinational Companies and Health Care in the United States and Latin America: Strategies, Actions and Effects; R.Jasso-Aguilar, H.Waitzkin & A.Landwehr
TRANSNATIONALIZATION AND COMMERCIALIZATION IN MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES HEALTH CARE
The Transnationalization of the Health Care System in Argentina; C.Iriart
The Dynamics of Commercial Health Care in the Lebanon; K.Sen & A.Mehio-Sibai
The Interactions between Social and Commercial Health Insurance after China's Entry into the World Trade Organization; Q.Sun
COMMERCIALIZATION AND THE PUBLIC AND COMMUNITY HEALTH SECTOR
Commercialization in the Public Sector in India: Implications for Values and Aspirations; R.V.Baru
On Shadow Commercialization of Health Care in Russia; I.Blam & S.Kovalev
Commercialization of Health Care in Mali: Community Health Centres, Fees for Service and the Rise of Private Providers; M.K.Konaté & B.Kanté
PART 2: POLICY ISSUES AND RESPONSES
GLOBAL INDUSTRIAL REGULATION AND ITS HEALTH IMPLICATIONS
Global Pharmaceutical Companies and Accessibility of Drugs under TRIPS; S.Chaudhuri
International Collaboration on Medical Device Regulation: Issues, Problems and Stakeholders; C.Altenstetter
COMMERCIALIZATION AND GLOBAL POLICIES
Restructuring Global Health Policy Making: The Role of Global Public-Private Partnerships; E.Ollila
International Migration of Health Care Staff: Extent and Policy Responses, with Illustrations from Ghana; K.Mensah
UNIVERSALIzING HEALTH CARE ACCESS UNDER COMMERCIALIZATION
Eliminating Economic Barriers in Health Care: The Mexico City Government Experience; A.C.Laurell, E.Zepeda & L.Mussot
The Political Economy of National Health Insurance in Korea; H-J.Kwon & B.Tchoe
PUBLIC/PRIVATE INTERACTIONS AND HEALTH EQUITY OBJECTIVES
The Search for Cross Subsidy in Segmented Health Systems: Can Private Wards in Public Hospitals Secure Equity Gains? H.Wadee & L.Gilson
Public Expenditure Allocation and Incidence under Health Care Market Liberalisation: A Tanzanian Case Study; T.M.Kida & M.Mackintosh
References
Index
MAUREEN MACKINTOSH is Professor of Economics at the Open University, UK. Her research interests are in the economics of markets in 'social' goods such as health care and social care, both in the UK and in African contexts. Recent writing includes The Market Shaping of Charges, Trust and Abuse: Health Care Transactions in Tanzania (with Paula Tibandebage) forthcoming in Social Science and Medicine.
MERI KOIVUSALO is Senior Researcher in Globalism and Social Policy Programme at the National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health. Her research interests include health policy, globalization and the impact of international agreements and organizations on national health policy and health systems.
Description
Health care is increasingly a market sector, but the process of commercialization is widely contested. Rising international trade in health services, migration of health care personnel, local health care market liberalization and privatization, cash payment within the public sector, increasing involvement of multinational companies: all these aspects have been promoted by a dominant framework of thought in international health policy that favours commercialization wherever possible. Health care commercialization poses enormous challenges for health planners and activists who aim to ensure decent health care for all. This book is the first to bring together economists and health policy and public health experts from across the world to address the issue of integrating these different aspects of health care commercialization. Based on original research, the book analyzes the causes and consequences of global and local commercialization in health care, and argues for the necessity and possibility of effective policy responses to develop good quality, inclusive health systems worldwide. The book aims to contribute to a shift in the international 'common sense' in health policy towards a more humane, inclusive, egalitarian and ethical framework for policy formulation.
Contents
List of Figures and Tables
Foreword
Preface and Acknowledgements
Notes on Contributors
PART 1: COMMERCIALIZATION: NATURE, CAUSES AND EFFECTS
HEALTH SYSTEMS AND COMMERCIALIZATION
Health Systems and Commercialization: In Search of Good Sense; M.Mackintosh & M.Koivusalo
GLOBALIZATION IN HEALTH CARE: STRATEGIES OF MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS
Strategies of Multinational Health Care Companies in Europe and Asia; J.Lethbridge
Multinational Companies and Health Care in the United States and Latin America: Strategies, Actions and Effects; R.Jasso-Aguilar, H.Waitzkin & A.Landwehr
TRANSNATIONALIZATION AND COMMERCIALIZATION IN MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES HEALTH CARE
The Transnationalization of the Health Care System in Argentina; C.Iriart
The Dynamics of Commercial Health Care in the Lebanon; K.Sen & A.Mehio-Sibai
The Interactions between Social and Commercial Health Insurance after China's Entry into the World Trade Organization; Q.Sun
COMMERCIALIZATION AND THE PUBLIC AND COMMUNITY HEALTH SECTOR
Commercialization in the Public Sector in India: Implications for Values and Aspirations; R.V.Baru
On Shadow Commercialization of Health Care in Russia; I.Blam & S.Kovalev
Commercialization of Health Care in Mali: Community Health Centres, Fees for Service and the Rise of Private Providers; M.K.Konaté & B.Kanté
PART 2: POLICY ISSUES AND RESPONSES
GLOBAL INDUSTRIAL REGULATION AND ITS HEALTH IMPLICATIONS
Global Pharmaceutical Companies and Accessibility of Drugs under TRIPS; S.Chaudhuri
International Collaboration on Medical Device Regulation: Issues, Problems and Stakeholders; C.Altenstetter
COMMERCIALIZATION AND GLOBAL POLICIES
Restructuring Global Health Policy Making: The Role of Global Public-Private Partnerships; E.Ollila
International Migration of Health Care Staff: Extent and Policy Responses, with Illustrations from Ghana; K.Mensah
UNIVERSALIzING HEALTH CARE ACCESS UNDER COMMERCIALIZATION
Eliminating Economic Barriers in Health Care: The Mexico City Government Experience; A.C.Laurell, E.Zepeda & L.Mussot
The Political Economy of National Health Insurance in Korea; H-J.Kwon & B.Tchoe
PUBLIC/PRIVATE INTERACTIONS AND HEALTH EQUITY OBJECTIVES
The Search for Cross Subsidy in Segmented Health Systems: Can Private Wards in Public Hospitals Secure Equity Gains? H.Wadee & L.Gilson
Public Expenditure Allocation and Incidence under Health Care Market Liberalisation: A Tanzanian Case Study; T.M.Kida & M.Mackintosh
References
Index
Authors
MAUREEN MACKINTOSH is Professor of Economics at the Open University, UK. Her research interests are in the economics of markets in 'social' goods such as health care and social care, both in the UK and in African contexts. Recent writing includes The Market Shaping of Charges, Trust and Abuse: Health Care Transactions in Tanzania (with Paula Tibandebage) forthcoming in Social Science and Medicine.
MERI KOIVUSALO is Senior Researcher in Globalism and Social Policy Programme at the National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health. Her research interests include health policy, globalization and the impact of international agreements and organizations on national health policy and health systems.
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