Exercises

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1. What difference does the sample size make? Suppose the first sample of exam marks was larger (say 100 instead of 10), but with the same pattern. You could arrange this by making an extra 9 copies of the ten marks (so instead of just one student with 37% you have 10). What difference will this make to the p value? You should be able to guess in rough terms. To check your guess, use the spreadsheet. Delete the last 90 rows of data in the Sample sheet, and replace it with ten copies of the first ten rows.

2. The shuffle test can be used to test many other null hypotheses. Try it with a hypothesis and some data of your own.

3. Find some published research, which gives p values. Write down the null hypothesis for each of these p values, and explain, in ordinary language, what the results mean.

This content has been written by Michael Wood author of Making Sense of Statistics