Multiple choice questions

1. The sociology of deviance has traditionally relied on:
   1.   ?    Notionalism
   2.   ?    Naming
   3.   ?    Norms
   4.   ?    Nationalism
2. In complex societies:
   1.   ?    There is always a consensus
   2.   ?    There is never a consensus
   3.   ?    There is no need for consensus
   4.   ?    There is competition for consensus
3. Who developed the labelling theory of deviance?:
   1.   ?    Mike Lloyd
   2.   ?    Emile Durkheim
   3.   ?    Howard Becker
   4.   ?    Mike Davis
4. Using labels on self-aware people:
   1.   ?    Creates moral panics
   2.   ?    Creates looping effects
   3.   ?    Defines norms
   4.   ?    Creates social cohesion
5. “Schizophrenics” and “pathological gamblers” are:
   1.   ?    Powerful labels
   2.   ?    Redundant terminologies
   3.   ?    Clinically mediated
   4.   ?    Competing epistemologies
6. Ian Hacking emphasizes:
   1.   ?    Consensus
   2.   ?    Semiotics
   3.   ?    Moulding
   4.   ?    Stigma
7. Emile Durkheim described norms as:
   1.   ?    A social fact
   2.   ?    The division of labour
   3.   ?    An opiate of the people
   4.   ?    Transgressive
8. Harold Garfinkel's identification of the 'documentary method of interpretation' in juries found that:
   1.   ?    The verdict came after deliberation
   2.   ?    The verdict came before deliberation
   3.   ?    The verdict was central to deliberation
   4.   ?    All of the above
9. Deviants:
   1.   ?    Always break norms
   2.   ?    Are social facts
   3.   ?    Are visible
   4.   ?    None of the above
10. How does Reith suggest pathological gamblers are created?:
    1.   ?    Through neglect
    2.   ?    Through technology
    3.   ?    Through conditioning
    4.   ?    Through discourse
11. The socialisation model of deviance assumes:
    1.   ?    Shared practice
    2.   ?    Shared norms
    3.   ?    Shared needles
    4.   ?    Shared experience
12. A realist perspective stresses that:
    1.   ?    Deviant behaviour is behaviour that people so label
    2.   ?    Behaviour is never manifest
    3.   ?    Situationalism is a precursor
    4.   ?    Deviance is amenable to discovery
13. We should think of deviance as:
    1.   ?    A flexible interactive process
    2.   ?    A paradigmatic shift
    3.   ?    Amenable to medicalisation
    4.   ?    None of the above
14. Norms are primarily the result of:
    1.   ?    Democracy
    2.   ?    Coercion
    3.   ?    A pre-existing order
    4.   ?    A social survey
15. Deviance is social construction that:
    1.   ?    Is independent of human action
    2.   ?    Is dependent on human action
    3.   ?    Is rarely labelled
    4.   ?    Is routinely discoursed
16. Which theorist emphasized the coercive elements of norms?:
    1.   ?    Howard Becker
    2.   ?    Emil Durkheim
    3.   ?    Ian Hacking
    4.   ?    Mike Lloyd
17. The cognitive model suffers from:
    1.   ?    Definitive exegesis
    2.   ?    Limited access
    3.   ?    Delimited redress
    4.   ?    Infinite regresss
18. Which of the following, according to Howard Becker, is a feature of deviance?:
    1.   ?    Realism
    2.   ?    Labels
    3.   ?    Drama
    4.   ?    Institutions
19. If quarks are “indifferent kinds”, then humans are:
    1.   ?    Interactive kinds
    2.   ?    Intelligent kinds
    3.   ?    Embodied kinds
    4.   ?    None of the above
20. Sumner has claimed that the sociology of deviance is:
    1.   ?    A dead-end
    2.   ?    A diversion from social justice issues
    3.   ?    A discourse
    4.   ?    A deterministic account