Horizontal Inequalities and Conflict

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xxi

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2. Concepts and Issues

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. Horizontal Inequalities and Conflict: An Introduction and some Hypotheses

      • Frances Stewart

      Pages 3-24

   3. Who Should be Included? Noncitizens, Conflict and the Constitution of the Citizenry

      • Matthew J. Gibney

      Pages 25-40

   4. Cultural Status Inequalities: An Important Dimension of Group Mobilization

      • Arnim Langer, Graham K. Brown

      Pages 41-53

   5. Horizontal Inequalities: Explaining Persistence and Change

      • Frances Stewart, Arnim Langer

      Pages 54-82

3. Measurement and Statistical Analysis

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 83-83

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   2. Approaches to the Measurement of Horizontal Inequalities

      • Luca Mancini, Frances Stewart, Graham K. Brown

      Pages 85-105

   3. Horizontal Inequality and Communal Violence: Evidence from Indonesian Districts

      • Luca Mancini

      Pages 106-135

   4. Inequalities, the Political Environment and Civil Conflict: Evidence from 55 Developing Countries

      • Gudrun Østby

      Pages 136-159

4. Horizontal Inequalities and Conflict in Three Regions

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 161-161

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   2. When do Horizontal Inequalities Lead to Conflict? Lessons from a Comparative Study of Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire

      • Arnim Langer

      Pages 163-189

   3. Horizontal Inequalities and Ethnic Violence: Evidence from Calabar and Warri, Nigeria

      • Ukoha Ukiwo

      Pages 190-204

   4. Ethnicity, Religion and the State in Ghana and Nigeria: Perceptions from the Street

      • Arnim Langer, Ukoha Ukiwo

      Pages 205-226

   5. Inequality, Ethnicity and Political Violence in Latin America: The Cases of Bolivia, Guatemala and Peru

      • Corinne Caumartin, George Gray Molina, Rosemary Thorp

      Pages 227-251

   6. Horizontal Inequalities and Separatism in Southeast Asia: A Comparative Perspective

      • Graham K. Brown

      Pages 252-281

5. Conclusions and Policies

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 283-283

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   2. Major Findings and Conclusions on the Relationship Between Horizontal Inequalities and Conflict

      • Frances Stewart, Graham K. Brown, Arnim Langer

      Pages 285-300

   3. Policies towards Horizontal Inequalities

      • Frances Stewart, Graham K. Brown, Arnim Langer

      Pages 301-325

6. Back Matter

   Pages 326-364

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Drawing on econometric evidence and in-depth studies of West Africa, Latin America and Southeast Asia, this book explores how horizontal inequalities - ethnic, religious or racial - are a source of violent conflict and how political, economic and cultural status inequalities have contributed. Policies to reverse inequality would reduce these risks.

• conflict
• Developing Countries
• East Asia
• environment
• Group Violence
• political violence
• religion
• violence

'This interdisciplinary volume provides a fresh look at a perennial problem: the role of economic inequality in producing intergroup conflict. Its wealth of insights from its distinguished authors will stimulate academic and policy debate for years to come.' - Donald L. Horowitz, James B. Duke Professor of Law and Political Science, Duke University, USA

'Innovative and insightful, this is a timely book now that both the disequalising forces of globalisation and internecine conflicts over resources have heightened ethnic and racial conflicts in many countries. This is not only an excellent academic text but also an accessible source for all engaged in peace building and conflict prevention.' - Thandika Mkandawire, Director, United Nations Research Institute for Social Development

'...high-quality, innovative empirical research...' - Journal of Peace Research

• Department of International Development, Oxford University, UK

  Frances Stewart

GRAHAM BROWN is Research Officer, Southeast Asia, the Centre for Research on Inequality, Human Security and Ethnicity (CRISE), University of Oxford, UK CORINNE CAUMARTIN is Research Officer, Latin America, CRISE, University of Oxford, UK MATTHEW GIBNEY is Reader in Forced Migration and Senior Researcher specializing in political theory, CRISE, University of Oxford, UK GEORGE GRAY MOLINA is the Cooridinator of the Bolivian Human Development Report at UNDP-Bolivia and partner researcher, CRISE, University of Oxford, UK ARNIM LANGER is Research Officer in Economics and Politics, West Africa, CRISE, University of Oxford, UK LUCA MANCINI is Research Officer in Applied Econometrics, CRISE, University of Oxford, UK GUDRUN ØSTBY is part-time Researcher at the International Peace Research Institute, Oslo (PRIO), Norway FRANCES STEWART is Professor of Development Economics and Director of CRISE, University of Oxford, UK ROSEMARY THORP is University Reader in the Economics of Latin America and Senior Researcher responsible for the Latin American Programme at CRISE, University of Oxford, UK

Policies and ethics