The Gangs of Bangladesh

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xii

   PDF

2. Introduction

   • Sally Atkinson-Sheppard

   Pages 1-21

3. Bangladesh

   • Sally Atkinson-Sheppard

   Pages 23-48

4. Theorising Organised Crime, Gangs and Street Children’s Agency

   • Sally Atkinson-Sheppard

   Pages 49-78

5. The Bangladesh ‘Mafia’: Mastaans and the Market for Social Protection

   • Sally Atkinson-Sheppard

   Pages 79-102

6. ‘Illicit Child Labourers’: Exploring Street Children’s Involvement in Organised Crime

   • Sally Atkinson-Sheppard

   Pages 103-119

7. Street Children and ‘Protective Agency’

   • Sally Atkinson-Sheppard

   Pages 121-134

8. ‘Illicit Labour’ and Children’s Culpability: Implications for Penology and Criminal Justice Responses

   • Sally Atkinson-Sheppard

   Pages 135-152

9. Implications for Research, Policy and Practice

   • Sally Atkinson-Sheppard

   Pages 153-170

10. Sharif

    • Sally Atkinson-Sheppard

    Pages 171-181

11. Conclusion

    • Sally Atkinson-Sheppard

    Pages 183-196

12. Back Matter

    Pages 197-203

    PDF

This book presents a study of street children’s involvement as workers in Bangladeshi organised crime groups based on a three-year ethnographic study in Dhaka. The book argues that ‘mastaans’ are Bangladeshi mafia groups that operate in a market for crime, violence and social protection. It considers the crimes mastaans commit, the ways they divide labour, and how and why street children become involved in these groups. The book explores how street children are hired by ‘mastaans’, to carry weapons, sell drugs, collect extortion money, commit political violence and conduct contract killings. The book argues that these young people are neither victims nor offenders; they are instead ‘illicit child labourers’, doing what they can to survive on the streets. This book adds to the emerging fields of the sociology of crime and deviance in South Asia and ‘Southern criminology’. 

• trafficking
• modern slavery
• juvenile justice
• youth justice
• punishment
• poverty and crime
• victims
• young people
• organised crime
• south asia
• crime group
• drugs
• weapons
• social protection
• violence and crime

“This book is a very important contribution to organized crime research as well as development of southern criminology. This book is also a valuable reference for researchers and practitioners who work on issues pertaining to child protection. Ethnographic fieldwork to a foreign country is exciting, yet always fraught with challenges and uncertainties. Reading this book, I can see Sally Atkinson-Sheppard’s devotion to research on hard-to-reach population in an impoverished Asian country.” (Weidi Liu, Asian Journal of Criminology, Vol. 17, May 20, 22) “The Gangs of Bangladesh is a terrific study of young people’s involvement in organized crime in Dhaka. Based on observation and narrative interviews in a project home, workshops and artwork, the children’s experiences of organized begging, extortion, drug dealing, and political violence are explored sensitively and vividly. The book reveals the children to be reluctant labourers in the world of organized crime. This book changed the way I think about children’s involvement in organized crime. It should have a significant impact on international public policy. Everyone should read it.” (Ben Bowling, Professor of Criminology & Criminal Justice, King's College London, UK.)

“The Gangs of Bangladesh takes readers on journey into the perilous world of children in gangs. Sally has filled a great void in the literature of the emerging field of South Asian Criminology. This research and policy driven monograph is a must read for anyone with criminological imagination who wants to understand an inimitable crime problem of a South Asian Nation (Bangladesh).” (Professor K. Jaishankar, President, South Asian Society of Criminology and Victimology (SASCV) and Head, Department of Criminology, Raksha Shakti University, Gujarat, India. ) 

• King’s College London, The Dickson Poon School of Law, London, UK

  Sally Atkinson-Sheppard

Sally Atkinson-Sheppard is a criminologist and strategist from the UK. She was awarded her PhD from King’s College London in 2015 following the completion of the ethnographic study discussed in this book. Sally began her career as a researcher for the Metropolitan Police Service (MPS) in London, where she represented the MPS in a collaborative study with the British Prison Service which explored the psychology of gang related violence. She went on to advise for a variety of criminal justice reform projects in Bangladesh, including leading the Bangladesh Prison Directorate and the Bangladesh Anti-Corruption Commission through the development of their first strategic plans. Sally has recently returned to the UK after living and working in Beijing where she led the first study into migrant children’s involvement in gangs and organised crime in China. 

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