The Diversity of Emerging Capitalisms in Developing Countries

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xvii

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2. Analysing Capitalisms as Institutional Systems: Our Approach

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. Analysing the Capitalisms of Developing Countries: What’s the Point?

      • Eric Rougier

      Pages 3-33

   3. Existing Typologies of Developing Countries’ Institutional Systems

      • Eric Rougier

      Pages 35-61

   4. Systems, Institutional Complementarities and Politics: Various Methodological Considerations

      • François Combarnous, Eric Rougier

      Pages 63-92

3. The Seven Sectors of Institutional Governance

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 93-93

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   2. Labour and Production Relations

      • Ela Callorda Fossati

      Pages 95-126

   3. Education and Training

      • Coralie Reslinger

      Pages 127-153

   4. Product Market and Competition

      • Eric Rougier

      Pages 155-184

   5. Social Protection

      • Matthieu Clément

      Pages 185-212

   6. Finance and Credit Market

      • Dalila Nicet-Chenaf

      Pages 213-241

   7. Agriculture

      • Céline Bonnefond, Claire Gondard-Delcroix

      Pages 243-270

   8. Environmental Regulation Models

      • André Meunié

      Pages 271-294

4. Varieties of Emerging Capitalism, Institutional Complementarities and Trajectories

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 295-295

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   2. The 2 + 4 Varieties of Capitalist Systems

      • Eric Rougier, François Combarnous

      Pages 297-328

   3. Institutional Complementarities, Hierarchies and Reinforcing Factors

      • François Combarnous, Eric Rougier

      Pages 329-370

   4. Institutional Trajectories: Three Comparative Case Studies

      • François Combarnous, Eric Rougier

      Pages 371-409

5. Emerging Capitalisms and Paths of Institutional Reforms in Developing Countries

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 411-411

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   2. Emerging Capitalisms and Institutional Reforms in Developing Countries

      • Eric Rougier, François Combarnous

      Pages 413-435

6. Back Matter

   Pages 437-462

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This book presents the results of a collective and original empirical investigation of the institutional systems underlying the capitalisms that are coming to the fore in developing nations. While varieties of industrialized countries’ capitalisms are extensively scrutinized, those of developing countries’ capitalisms are far less documented. By implementing a unified and original comparative approach based on the institutional complementarity theory, the different contributors of the book find evidence for the originality and heterogeneity of the forms of capitalism to be observed in developing countries. This text analyses capitalist systems as clusters of sectoral institutions and regulations, identifying differences between these clusters in a large sample of emerging and developing countries. Rougier and Combarnous bring together contributions answering the following questions: What are these clusters of institutions underlying emerging capitalisms? Are there common or specific patterns of institutional clustering across countries and what are the main characteristics of the varieties of capitalism they shape? What are their main long-term determinants? Are there specific patterns of economic outcome associated with these clusters? Can different forms of institutional complementarity be observed? How can we analyse institutional reform from this perspective?

• Capitalism
• Comparative management
• Economic planning
• Developing and emerging countries
• Heterodox
• Economic theory
• Institutional reform
• Agriculture
• Education
• Institutional governance
• Globalisation
• Labour institutions
• Labour regulation
• Economic systems
• Product Market Governance
• Environmental Governance
• Social protection

“Globalization was supposed to deliver the next convergence toward a canonical form of capitalism. This book challenges this conventional wisdom. A stimulating and extensive survey of institutional theories and an impressive collection of data covering 140 countries bring an unprecedented analysis and taxonomy for emerging capitalisms and not only mature ones. This should a must read for  any scholar interested in institutional and comparative political economy and reformers in search  for a national strategy  in response to a contested globalization.” (Robert Boyer, Ecole Normale Supérieure Jourdan and Paris School of Economics, France)

“This is a pioneering book that breaks new ground in the institutional analysis of capitalism by undertaking an in-depth, quantitative analysis of institutional heterogeneity around the world. It moves beyond simple dichotomies – such as market-oriented versus statist – to develop a richer taxonomy of institutional clusters in developing economies. The patterns of institutional diversity and experimentation identified by the authors document the malleability of capitalism and make a significant contribution to our understanding of the development process.” (Dani Rodrik, Harvard Kennedy School, University of Harvard, USA)

“The authors take on the very impressive challenge of identifying similarities and differences amongst the political economies of developing countries, both relative to each other and more advanced capitalist systems. This rich collection disentangles the uniqueness and diversity of capitalist systems in the developing world. It poses a challenge to pessimistic views of poor nations as arbitrary and often logically inconsistent systems of market governance.” (Nita Rudra, Georgetown University, USA)

“This book constitutes a deep renewal of our thinking on the nature of capitalisms in emerging and developing countries, as it builds a coherent and convincing theoretical framework that articulates these various capitalisms with institutional systems and political economy: an insightful and thought-provoking book.” (Alice Nicole Sindzingre, National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), France)

• University of Bordeaux, GREThA, PESSAC CEDEX, France

  Eric Rougier, François Combarnous

Eric Rougier is Associate Professor in Economics at the University of Bordeaux, and a researcher at the GREThA, CNRS Research Unit, France. He works in the field of development economics with special focus on institutions, economic reforms and globalization. He has published various papers and chapters dealing with institutions, economic growth and distributional issues in middle-income emerging countries in general, and in Middle-East and North African economies in particular.


François Combarnous is Associate Professor in Development Economics at the University of Bordeaux, and a researcher at the GREThA, CNRS Research Unit, France. His research focuses on labour markets, entrepreneurship and social networks issues. He has published several papers and book chapters dealing with such issues as African economies or Brazil. He has also worked with Eric Rougier on structural reforms in developing countries, developing a methodology to measure the extent of reform implementation.

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