Imitation in International Relations

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xviii

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2. Introduction

   • Benjamin E. Goldsmith

   Pages 1-15

3. Choice, Learning, and Foreign Policy

   • Benjamin E. Goldsmith

   Pages 17-34

4. A Theory of Imitation in Foreign Policy

   • Benjamin E. Goldsmith

   Pages 35-45

5. Are Elites Influenced by Foreign Analogies?

   • Benjamin E. Goldsmith

   Pages 47-61

6. State-Level Effects on Elite Imitation

   • Benjamin E. Goldsmith

   Pages 63-76

7. Case Studies: Foreign Capital and “Strategic” Enterprise Privatization

   • Benjamin E. Goldsmith

   Pages 77-109

8. Conclusions: Imitation and Transition in International Relations

   • Benjamin E. Goldsmith

   Pages 111-120

9. Back Matter

   Pages 121-166

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Imitation and emulation are mechanisms of competition in international relations that are theoretically posited but empirically diffuse. Goldsmith provides a trenchant overview of the extant literature and evidence, finding that specification and operationalization problems may explain the disconnect. Providing a distinctive and generalizable approach drawing on concepts from psychology and organizational behavior, this book refines theories of foreign policy to include observational learning to identify when imitation is likely and what behaviors are most imitated. Both statistical and case study methods are used to uncover patterns of analogy usage. Looking at Russia and the Ukraine, Goldsmith increases our understanding of the foreign policies of these two states while also expanding the empirical base of research. By exploring the practical and theoretical significance of learning and imitation, this is an important contribution for foreign policy professionals and scholars.

• foreign policy
• international relations
• organization
• organizations

'When do state leaders draw foreign policy lessons from the historical experience of other countries? Ben Goldsmith in his book, Imitation in International Relations, provides new insights and answers to this critical question by a compelling combination of theoretical analysis, statistical tests, and comparative cases studies. This book represents a major contribution to scholarship on when and why learning takes place in foreign policy. This book is a must read for students of foreign policy decision making.' - Paul Huth, University of Michigan, USA

'We know that state elites often watch carefully their counterparts in other states. Too often, however, scholars have built ad hoc theories of imitation, policy transfer, and demonstration effects. Goldsmith's ambitious book locates an explanation of why and when state elites will draw lessons from the experience of other states inside a broader theory of foreign policy. It thus advances our understanding of this important phenomenon.' - Wade Jacoby, Brigham Young University, USA

'This innovative study of foreign policy perceptions and decisions compares Russian and Ukrainian attitudes toward privatization and foreign investment in the 1990's, highlighting contrasting views toward the Soviet past in Moscow and Ky'iv. It enriches our understanding of how elites maneuvered uncharted and challenging territory in the first decade after the collapse of communism.' - Dr. Angela Stent, Georgetown University, USA

BENJAMIN E. GOLDSMITH is Senior Lecturer in the Department of Politics & International Relations, Macquarie University, Australia

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